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Starting dialysis can be overwhelming, especially if you're unfamiliar with what to expect. Whether you're beginning treatment for chronic kidney disease or transitioning from another form of care, it's natural to have questions and concerns.
This article answers some of the most frequently asked questions (FAQs) by new dialysis patients—so you can feel more informed and empowered as you begin this important journey.
1. What Is Dialysis and Why Do I Need It?
Dialysis is a medical treatment that takes over the job of your kidneys when they are no longer able to function properly. It removes waste, excess fluid, and toxins from your blood to help maintain balance in your body.
You may need dialysis if you have end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) or your kidneys have lost about 85–90% of their function.
2. What Are the Types of Dialysis?
There are two main types:
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Hemodialysis – Your blood is filtered through a machine (dialyzer) at a dialysis center or at home.
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Peritoneal Dialysis – A cleansing fluid is circulated in your abdomen through a catheter, using the lining of your abdomen (peritoneum) as a filter.
Your nephrologist will help you choose the best option based on your medical condition, lifestyle, and personal preferences.
3. How Often Will I Need Dialysis?
Most patients on hemodialysis require treatment 3 times a week, with each session lasting about 3 to 5 hours.
Peritoneal dialysis is usually done daily, either manually or with the help of a machine overnight.
4. Will Dialysis Hurt?
Dialysis itself is not painful, though needle insertion for hemodialysis can cause discomfort. Some patients feel tired, cold, or light-headed during or after treatment, but many adjust over time.
Your care team will help you manage any discomfort or side effects.
5. Can I Eat and Drink Normally on Dialysis?
You’ll likely need to follow a kidney-friendly diet. This often includes:
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Limiting sodium, potassium, and phosphorus
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Watching your fluid intake
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Balancing protein (based on your treatment type)
A renal dietitian can help you create a personalized meal plan to keep you healthy and energized.
6. Can I Travel While on Dialysis?
Yes! With some planning, many patients continue to travel while on dialysis. If you're on hemodialysis, you can arrange to visit a center near your travel destination.
Peritoneal dialysis patients can travel with their equipment or supplies with proper coordination.
Always inform your nephrologist before making travel plans.
7. Will I Be Able to Work or Go to School?
Many patients continue working, studying, or leading active lives while on dialysis. Talk to your care team about adjusting your schedule to accommodate treatment and rest.
Some dialysis centers offer evening or home dialysis options for greater flexibility.
8. Is Dialysis a Permanent Treatment?
For some, dialysis is a long-term solution. For others, it's a temporary measure while awaiting a kidney transplant or recovering from an acute kidney injury.
If you're eligible for a transplant, your care team will guide you through the next steps.
9. What Should I Bring to a Dialysis Session?
Here are a few items patients often bring:
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A blanket and pillow
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Headphones or a book
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Snacks (if permitted)
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Any medications or medical info
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Water bottle (if allowed by your care team)
Dialysis sessions are long—comfort is key!
10. How Do I Cope Emotionally With Starting Dialysis?
Starting dialysis can be a big adjustment. It’s normal to feel anxious or overwhelmed. Talk to your nephrologist, social worker, or therapist about your emotions.
Joining a support group—either online or in-person—can also help you connect with others going through the same experience.
💬 Final Thoughts
Dialysis is a life-saving treatment that helps your body stay balanced when your kidneys can’t. While the process may seem intimidating at first, most patients find their routine and regain a sense of normalcy over time.
By understanding what to expect and staying proactive in your care, you can feel more confident as you begin your journey with dialysis.